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Are You Suffering From The 'silent Thief Of Sight'? Five Warning Signs Of Vision-robbing Condition Glaucoma Revealed - And The Celebrities Living With It
Eye pain, blurred vision and vomiting are all tell-tale signs of an incurable condition known as the 'silent thief of sight'.
However, the symptoms of glaucoma, which affects two per cent of over-40s in the UK, can vary considerably.
They can range from cloudy vision and teary eyes to vomiting.
Glaucoma, which develops slowly over many years in most cases, can lead to a loss of vision if not treated promptly.
Here, MailOnline reveals five of the lesser-known signs of the condition — and some of the celebrities living with it.
Caryn Johnson, also known professionally as Whoopie Goldberg, first revealed her diagnosis in 2014
The condition is usually caused by fluid slowly building up in the front part of the eye, which increases pressure inside it.
As a result, the optic nerve, which connects the eye to the brain, becomes damaged.
Around 700,000 people in the UK and more than 2million in the US are living with glaucoma, which is usually symptomless in its early stages.
It mostly affects those in their seventies and over, but people of any age can get it.
The condition is diagnosed by opticians during routine eye exams, which measure the pressure inside the eye.
Treatment aims to lower this pressure through prescription eye drops, oral medicines, laser retreatment, surgery or combination of these options.
Dr Elizabeth Hawkes, a consultant ophthalmic and oculoplastic surgeon at Cardogan Clinic in London, told MailOnline: 'It can take a few years to be diagnosed as an adult as it tends to develop slowly.
'It is often only picked up during a routine eye test, which is why they are so important especially if you have a family member with glaucoma — [eligible people] should use the NHS screening service for over 40s, every year.
'Early diagnosis is associated with better visual prognosis, loss of vision is a late and usually avoidable sign if picked up early.'
The different types of glaucomaPrimary open angle glaucoma- the most common type which tends to develop slowly over many years. It's caused by the drainage channels in the eye becoming gradually clogged over time.
Acute angle closure glaucoma – an uncommon type caused by the drainage in the eye becoming suddenly blocked, which can raise the pressure inside the eye very quickly
Secondary glaucoma – caused by an underlying eye condition, such as inflammation of the eye (uveitis)
Childhood glaucoma (congenital glaucoma) – a rare type that occurs in very young children, caused by an abnormality of the eye
Source: NHS
AdvertisementCloudy eyes
The eyes appearing whiter and cloudy could be a warning sign of glaucoma.
The eye continuously recycles a clear fluid called aqueous humor.
But in those with glaucoma, the drainage channels for this liquid become blocked or narrowed.
This creates tension on the optic nerve, which sends the image the eye sees to the brain for processing.
This leads to the fluid being pushed into the cornea — the transparent part of the eye that covers the iris.
Dr Elizabeth Hawkes said: 'If the pressure in your eye rises too high, fluid will be pushed into the cornea, which will make it cloudy and waterlogged and leads to white looking eyes.'
Dilated blood vessels
Dilated blood vessels can be another sign of glaucoma.
When the blood vessels are dilated, the white part of the eye — the conjunctiva — becomes red due to the blood vessels becoming more prominent on the surface of the eye.
This occurs because when the pressure within the eye has increased and the eye's drainage channel is blocked.
If the pressure builds up suddenly, it can permanently damage the optic nerve.
Dr Hawkes explained: 'Blood vessels do not generally become dilated with glaucoma. In the conjunctiva, the white part of the eye, you have lots of blood vessels.
'They can sometimes, in rare circumstances, become dilated, which could be associated with underlying conditions.
'It could be an indication that intraocular pressure could be high. Raised pressure is associated with glaucoma.'
Vomiting
While glaucoma almost always develops slowly over many years, it can very occasionally develop suddenly.
The resultant pain resulting from the pressure build-up in the eye can be very intense.
When someone experiences such high levels of discomfort, a chemical can be released, such as adrenaline, that signals the brain to vomit.
Dr Hawkes explained: 'Severe eye pain is the most obvious sign of glaucoma and is usually unbearable.
'This will cause redness to the eye, headaches and potentially vomiting, due to the pain.'
Loss of vision in one eye
The optic nerve, which connects the eye to the brain, is compromised of nerve fibres.
Glaucoma causes these fibres to die, which can interfere with the connection to the brain.
This can cause the vision to fade and eventually be lost completely.
Dr Hawkes said: 'If you notice a loss of vision or a blind spot, you need to go and see your eye doctor.
'If you experience sudden blindness, it is an emergency. With glaucoma, there is a very short period of time to get treatment to prevent permanent blindness.'
Teary eyes
Eyes may become more teary with glaucoma.
This excess water is typically a result of the drainage channels for aqueous humor becoming obstructed.
The internal fluid pressure is out of balance and so the eyes become more teary.
Teary eyes are typically present in babies born with congenital glaucoma — a very rare form of the condition.
Teary eyes alone don't always indicate glaucoma. But combined with other issues mentioned above it can indicate a defeat in the drainage channel angle of the eye.
There are many factors which increase your chances of developing glaucoma, such as age, ethnicity, family history and other medical condition such as diabetes.
It is not clear whether you can do anything to prevent the condition but regular eye test are recommended.
Here, Mail Online reveals five celebrities who are living every day with the incurable condition.
Whoopie Goldberg
Caryn Johnson, also known professionally as Whoopie Goldberg, first revealed her diagnosis in 2014.
The beloved American actress revealed that the headaches caused by glaucoma 'come on like freight trains'.
The 67-year-old claimed her symptoms were so bad that she used a vaporiser pen — filled with cannabis — to cope with the pain.
The 67-year-old revealed that the headaches caused by Glaucoma 'come on like freight trains'
Whoopie, who has had a long and illustrious career in film, described her symptoms in an article for The Cannabist as 'BOOM, my head starts hurting, my eyes start bugging, my whole body starts to tense up'.
The comedienne, from New York suffers from angle-closure glaucoma, which is an uncommon type of glaucoma, caused by the drainage in the eye becoming suddenly blocked, which can raise the pressure inside the eye very quickly.
Bono
Paul Hewson, also known by his stage name Bono, was diagnosed in 2014.
The U2 frontman debunked a common misconception that he constantly wore glasses, regardless of the weather, to keep up his rock-star image.
Paul Hewson, also known by his stage name Bono, was also diagnosed in 2014
The 62-year-old revealed that he wears the shades to alleviate the difficulties
In an interview on BBC One's Graham Norton show, the 62-year-old revealed that he wears the shades to alleviate the difficulties caused by the chronic eye condition.
The philanthropist from Dublin said: 'This is a good place to explain to people that I've had glaucoma for the last 20 years. I have good treatments and I am going to be fine.'
The Irish band were on the Graham Norton show to promote their album, Songs Of Innocence.
Christie Brinkley
The supermodel took to social media in 2021 when she was diagnosed with acute angle closure glaucoma during a routine eye exam.
The 69-year-old posted a photograph of herself warning her 800,000 followers to check their eyes.
The entrepreneur from Michigan wrote: 'They can fix it by, brace yourselves, drilling a hole thru your eye! It's not as gruesome as it sounds. In fact I just had it done in this photo, piece of cake.
The supermodel was diagnosed with Acute Angle Closure during a routine eye exam in 2021
The 69-year-old wrote on social media: 'They can fix it by brace yourselves, drilling a hole thru your eye!
'But if left untreated it could have resulted in vision loss…So I'm very grateful! Thank you Dr Coles! And friends keep your eye on your precious eyes!
Edgar Davids
Former Dutch midfielder Edgar Davids, recognised by many for playing football games with goggles, is also a sufferer.
The 49-year-old underwent surgery in 1999, while playing for Juventus, to alleviate glaucoma symptoms in his right eye.
His eyewear has been a necessity ever since, to ensure no particulates entered his eye and caused further damage.
The former Dutch midfielder underwent surgery in 1999 to help alleviate his glaucoma symptoms in his right eye
The eyewear ensures no particulates entered his eye and caused further damage
The international star's has not let his diagnosis get in the way of his career.
Roger McGuinn
James McGuinn, who is known professionally as Roger McGuinn, was first diagnosed with glaucoma during a routine eye exam around two decades ago.
The singer-song-writer, 80, had not yet experienced any symptoms or vision loss.
Since his diagnosis, he has taken daily medication to manage his symptoms.
James McGuinn was first diagnosed in a routine eye exam around 20 years ago
The 80-year-old takes daily medication to help keep his symptoms manageable
The musician from Chicago has expressed how grateful he was to have found the condition early as treatment has allowed him to carry on singing and playing guitar.
He told The Glaucoma Research Foundation: 'When I was first diagnosed with glaucoma, I was depressed.
'I didn't know much about glaucoma, or whether the pressure could be controlled.
'I had trouble even accepting that something this serious could happen to my eyes.'
What is glaucoma?Glaucoma is a common eye condition where the optic nerve, which connects the eye to the brain, becomes damaged.
It's usually caused by fluid building up in the front part of the eye, which increases pressure inside the eye.
Glaucoma can lead to loss of vision if it's not diagnosed and treated early.
Common symptoms include:
Treatments include:
It is not possible to reverse any loss of vision that occurred before glaucoma was diagnosed, but treatment can help stop your vision from getting worse.
It's usually caused by fluid building up in the front part of the eye, which increases pressure inside the eye (stock image)
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2023-2029 Glaucoma Drainage Valve Market Size (Share And Outlook) With In-depth Analysis SWOT AnalysisResearch Report By Absolute Reports
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This latest report provides a deep insight into the global Glaucoma Drainage Valve market covering all its essential aspects. This ranges from a macro overview of the market to micro details of the market size, competitive landscape, development trend, niche market, key market drivers and challenges, value chain analysis, etc.
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Glaucoma Drainage Valve Market Segment by Manufacturers:
● New World Medical ● Molteno OphthalmicSegmentation by type:
● Adult Glaucoma Drainage Valve ● Children Glaucoma Drainage Valve ● OthersSegmentation by application:
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Chapter Introduction of Glaucoma Drainage Valve Market Report:
Chapter 1: Scope of Glaucoma Drainage Valve, Research Methodology, etc.
Chapter 2: Executive Summary, global Glaucoma Drainage Valve market size (sales and revenue) and CAGR, Glaucoma Drainage Valve market size by region, by type, by application, historical data from 2018 to 2023, and forecast to 2029.
Chapter 3: Glaucoma Drainage Valve sales, revenue, average price, global market share, and industry ranking by company, 2018-2023
Chapter 4: Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve sales and revenue by region and by country. Country specific data and market value analysis for the U.S., Canada, Europe, China, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, India, Latin America and Middle East and Africa.
Chapter 5, 6, 7, 8: Americas, APAC, Europe, Middle East and Africa, sales segment by country, by type, and type.
Chapter 9: Analysis of the current market trends, market forecast, opportunities and economic trends that are affecting the future marketplace
Chapter 10: Manufacturing cost structure analysis
Chapter 11: Sales channel, distributors, and customers
Chapter 12: World Forecast Review for Glaucoma Drainage Valve by Geographic Region.
Chapter 13: Key Players Analysis
Chapter 14: Research Findings and Conclusion.
Key Questions Addressed in this Report
● What is the 10-year outlook for the global Glaucoma Drainage Valve market? ● What factors are driving Glaucoma Drainage Valve market growth, globally and by region? ● Which technologies are poised for the fastest growth by market and region? ● How do Glaucoma Drainage Valve market opportunities vary by end market size? ● How does Glaucoma Drainage Valve break out type, application? ● What are the influences of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine war?Purchase this Report (Price 3660 USD for a Single-User License) -https://www.Absolutereports.Com/purchase/22782725
Detailed TOC of Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Market Growth 2023-2029
1 Scope of the Report
1.1 Market Introduction
1.2 Years Considered
1.3 Research Objectives
1.4 Market Research Methodology
1.5 Research Process and Data Source
1.6 Economic Indicators
1.7 Currency Considered
1.8 Market Estimation Caveats
2 Executive Summary
2.1 World Market Overview
2.1.1 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Annual Sales 2018-2029
2.1.2 World Current and Future Analysis for Glaucoma Drainage Valve by Geographic Region, 2018, 2022 and 2029
2.1.3 World Current and Future Analysis for Glaucoma Drainage Valve by Country/Region, 2018, 2022 and 2029
2.2 Glaucoma Drainage Valve Segment by Type
2.3 Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Type
2.3.1 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
2.3.2 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Revenue and Market Share by Type (2018-2023)
2.3.3 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sale Price by Type (2018-2023)
2.4 Glaucoma Drainage Valve Segment by Application
2.5 Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Application
2.5.1 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sale Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
2.5.2 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Revenue and Market Share by Application (2018-2023)
2.5.3 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sale Price by Application (2018-2023)
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3 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve by Company
3.1 Global Breakdown Data by Company
3.1.1 Global Annual Sales by Company (2018-2023)
3.1.2 Global Sales Market Share by Company (2018-2023)
3.2 Global Annual Revenue by Company (2018-2023)
3.2.1 Global Revenue by Company (2018-2023)
3.2.2 Global Revenue Market Share by Company (2018-2023)
3.3 Global Sale Price by Company
3.4 Key Manufacturers Producing Area Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type
3.4.1 Key Manufacturers Product Location Distribution
3.4.2 Players Glaucoma Drainage Valve Products Offered
3.5 Market Concentration Rate Analysis
3.5.1 Competition Landscape Analysis
3.5.2 Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) and (2018-2023)
3.6 New Products and Potential Entrants
3.7 Mergers and Acquisitions, Expansion
4 World Historic Review for Glaucoma Drainage Valve by Geographic Region
4.1 World Historic Market Size by Geographic Region (2018-2023)
4.1.1 Global Annual Sales by Geographic Region (2018-2023)
4.1.2 Global Annual Revenue by Geographic Region (2018-2023)
4.2 World Historic Market Size by Country/Region (2018-2023)
4.2.1 Global Annual Sales by Country/Region (2018-2023)
4.2.2 Global Annual Revenue by Country/Region (2018-2023)
4.3 Americas Sales Growth
4.4 APAC Sales Growth
4.5 Europe Sales Growth
4.6 Middle East and Africa Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales Growth
5 Americas
5.1 Americas Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Country
5.1.1 Americas Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Country (2018-2023)
5.1.2 Americas Glaucoma Drainage Valve Revenue by Country (2018-2023)
5.2 Americas Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Type
5.3 Americas Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Application
5.4 United States
5.5 Canada
5.6 Mexico
5.7 Brazil
6 APAC
6.1 APAC Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Region
6.1.1 APAC Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Region (2018-2023)
6.1.2 APAC Glaucoma Drainage Valve Revenue by Region (2018-2023)
6.2 APAC Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Type
6.3 APAC Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Application
6.4 China
6.5 Japan
6.6 South Korea
6.7 Southeast Asia
6.8 India
6.9 Australia
6.10 China Taiwan
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Glaucoma Drainage Valve by Country
7.1.1 Europe Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Country (2018-2023)
7.1.2 Europe Glaucoma Drainage Valve Revenue by Country (2018-2023)
7.2 Europe Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Type
7.3 Europe Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Application
7.4 Germany
7.5 France
7.6 UK
7.7 Italy
7.8 Russia
8 Middle East and Africa
8.1 Middle East and Africa Glaucoma Drainage Valve by Country
8.1.1 Middle East and Africa Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Country (2018-2023)
8.1.2 Middle East and Africa Glaucoma Drainage Valve Revenue by Country (2018-2023)
8.2 Middle East and Africa Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Type
8.3 Middle East and Africa Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales by Application
8.4 Egypt
8.5 South Africa
8.6 Israel
8.7 Turkey
8.8 GCC Countries
9 Market Drivers, Challenges and Trends
9.1 Market Drivers and Growth Opportunities
9.2 Market Challenges and Risks
9.3 Industry Trends
10 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
10.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
10.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Glaucoma Drainage Valve
10.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Glaucoma Drainage Valve
10.4 Industry Chain Structure of Glaucoma Drainage Valve
11 Marketing, Distributors and Customer
11.1 Sales Channel
11.1.1 Direct Channels
11.1.2 Indirect Channels
11.2 Glaucoma Drainage Valve Distributors
11.3 Glaucoma Drainage Valve Customer
12 World Forecast Review for Glaucoma Drainage Valve by Geographic Region
12.1 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Market Size Forecast by Region
12.1.1 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
12.1.2 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Annual Revenue Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
12.2 Americas Forecast by Country
12.3 APAC Forecast by Region
12.4 Europe Forecast by Country
12.5 Middle East and Africa Forecast by Country
12.6 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Forecast by Type
12.7 Global Glaucoma Drainage Valve Forecast by Application
13 Key Players Analysis
13.1 MANUFACTURE 1
13.1.1 MANUFACTURE 1 Company Information
13.1.2 MANUFACTURE 1 Glaucoma Drainage Valve Product Portfolios and Specifications
13.1.3 MANUFACTURE 1 Glaucoma Drainage Valve Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
13.1.4 MANUFACTURE 1 Main Business Overview
13.1.5 MANUFACTURE 1 Latest Developments
14 Research Findings and Conclusion
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What Is Glaucoma? Types, Symptoms And Causes
Commissions we earn from partner links on this page do not affect our opinions or evaluations. Our editorial content is based on thorough research and guidance from the Forbes Health Advisory Board. Table of Contents{{ tocState.ToggleTocShowMore ? 'Show more' : 'Show less' }}
Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that slowly damage the eye, often before symptoms are apparent. In fact, it's the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the U.S.
More than 3 million Americans have glaucoma, a number that is expected to rise to 6.3 million by 2050 . While there is no "cure" for glaucoma, it's important to be aware of risk factors and causes, as there are a number of safe and affordable treatment options that can halt and prevent further vision loss.
Here's what you need to know about glaucoma, including its symptoms, how it's diagnosed and when to see a doctor.
What Is Glaucoma?Glaucoma occurs when pressure inside the high is too high for the health of the optic nerve, resulting in damage to the nerve and loss of vision, says Leon Herndon Jr., M.D., professor of ophthalmology and chief of glaucoma at Duke University Eye Center in Raleigh, North Carolina.
The optic nerve consists of around 1 million nerve fibers and sits in the back of the eye. The optic nerve is what transmits visual signals from the eye to the brain. When pressure in the eye becomes too great, the optic nerve loses fibers, leading to reduced vision and potentially eventual blindness if left untreated.
What Causes Glaucoma?"We don't know 100% what causes glaucoma, but we know the risks for developing the condition," says Stephanie Muylaert, M.D., ophthalmologist and glaucoma specialist at Insight Vision based in Colorado.
Our eyes continuously make aqueous humor, the clear liquid in front of the eye that nourishes the eye and allows it to keep its shape. Excess aqueous humor drains from the eye through the trabecular meshwork (small canals that help drain most eye fluid into the bloodstream) which sits inside the drainage angle. If pressure in the eye builds faster than aqueous humor drains, the build up can cause damage to the optic nerve.
Glaucoma TypesThere are two main classes of glaucoma, according to Dr. Muylaert; primary glaucomas, which have no definitive cause, and secondary glaucomas, which are brought on by another medical condition.
Primary glaucomas are far more common and what most people are referring to when discussing glaucoma.
Secondary glaucomas are caused by an underlying factor that needs to be addressed. They occur when a blood vessel, pigment from the iris, the colored part of the eye, or when material deposits on part of the eye and blocks fluid from draining. In rare cases, cataracts, tumors, or a condition called uveitis which causes swelling and inflammation can lead to glaucoma.
Glaucoma Symptoms"With the most common type, called open-angle glaucoma, there typically are no symptoms," says Dr. Herndon. "Gradually, it robs a person of their peripheral vision. By the time someone has symptoms, the glaucoma has progressed to a pretty late stage."
A less common form of glaucoma, called closed or narrow-angle, occurs suddenly when iris tissue completely blocks the drainage angle, stopping any liquid from escaping the eye. This type of glaucoma is a medical emergency and should be treated immediately.
Symptoms of an acute attack, according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, include:
The only way to screen for glaucoma is through a comprehensive eye exam where the patient's eyes are dilated with drops that widen the pupil, allowing the ophthalmologist or optometrist to get a picture of the optic nerve, says Dr. Herndon.
"There's more to diagnosing glaucoma than checking the pressure within the eye," says Dr. Herndon. "We know what a normal pressure range is, but pressures fluctuate so much throughout the day that we can get fooled or there are glaucoma patients who never have high pressure."
An ophthalmologist or optometrist will also check eye pressure, inspect the drainage angle, test peripheral (side) vision, and measure the thickness of your cornea. "Because many people don't get regular eye exams until they notice a change to their vision, it's important to understand your risk level and know how regularly you should see the eye doctor," says Dr. Muylaert.
Who Is at Risk for Glaucoma?The risk factors for developing glaucoma include:
Your eye doctor can help determine your risk and provide guidance on how often you should have an eye exam.
Glaucoma TreatmentThere are three mainstays of glaucoma treatment. Prescription eye drops are the most common. Depending on the severity of the disease, efficacy of the medicine, or side effects of the drop, ophthalmologists and optometrists (depending on the state) may elect to perform laser surgery. An ophthalmologist can also perform glaucoma or cataract surgery to alleviate pressure in the eye.
"If you're experiencing eye pain, headache, nausea or any of the symptoms associated with angle-closure glaucoma, call a doctor immediately," says Dr. Muylaert.
Otherwise, the American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends those who are at risk for glaucoma schedule eye exams accordingly:
Dr. Herndon recommends that those with a strong genetic link begin glaucoma screening at age 35.
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