Chalazion (cyst): Symptoms, pictures, causes, and treatment
Glaucoma: Early Diagnosis Can Delay Its Progression
Our eyes are filled with a certain fluid that maintains the pressure and shape of the eye. An abnormality in the drainage system can cause fluid to build up, leading to excessive eye pressure. This increase in eye pressure causes compression of the optic nerve which leads to optic nerve damage and, consequently, the development of glaucoma. Glaucoma, a group of eye conditions, is the second leading reason for vision loss and blindness across the globe.
According to the Glaucoma Research Foundation, the prevalence of glaucoma is expected to increase as it is estimated that approximately 111.8 million people worldwide will suffer from glaucoma by 2040.
As per World Health Organisation, glaucoma is a major public health concern in India. Around 12 million people suffer from glaucoma in the country, out of which 1.5 million are blind.
Diagnosing glaucoma"Glaucoma is also known as 'the silent thief of sight' as the disease largely does not show symptoms in its early stages. Moreover, most individuals do not undergo routine eye exams to facilitate its detection. In India, 90% of glaucoma patients are unaware of their condition at the time of the diagnosis," said Dr Harsh Kumar,Director,Glaucoma Services, Centre for Sight.
"As it progresses, glaucoma results in loss of peripheral vision followed by tunnel vision and eventually complete blindness. Some of the symptoms include severe headache, eye pain and redness, blurred vision, and halos or coloured rings around lights," he added.
Also read: Squint Eye Symptoms: Why Is It Important To Detect It Early
There are two major types of glaucoma, one is open-angle glaucoma (OAG), where the eye fails to drain fluid as it should and closed-angle glaucoma in which the iris swells resulting in narrowing or blocking the drainage angle formed by the cornea and iris.
Though anyone can develop glaucoma, the risk increases with certain factors. People who are above the age of 60, have a family history of glaucoma or have diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and have a history of long-term use of corticosteroids are at risk of developing glaucoma. You must also get a comprehensive eye checkup if you have a history of eye injury or surgery.
Treatment OptionsAccording to Dr Kumar, damage caused by glaucoma can't be reversed. But, if diagnosed at an initial stage, treatment and regular checkups can help slow down and prevent further vision loss. To check for glaucoma, your eye doctor may perform several tests which include measuring intraocular pressure (tonometry), testing for optic nerve damage, conducting a visual field test, measuring the corneal thickness, and reviewing the drainage angle (gonioscopy).
Early-stage glaucoma can be treated with eye drops and oral medications. These drugs help in decreasing eye pressure and reducing fluid in the eyes. If this treatment proves insufficient, the doctor may recommend laser therapy or surgery.
Also read: Cataracts And Diabetes: A Comprehensive Guide To Managing Eye Health In Diabetic Patients
In some cases, gaze training can help older patients to carry out everyday activities such as walking, driving, or other real-world tasks. This strategy allows individuals to maximise their remaining vision and maintain their independence in daily activities.
Though it cannot be cured, glaucoma can be managed with appropriate treatment if detected in time. Therefore, it becomes necessary for people who are at risk of developing the disease to undergo periodic eye examinations to detect the onset of disease. With adequate treatment, you can prevent glaucoma from worsening and causing irreversible vision loss or blindness. Make an appointment with your ophthalmologist and get an eye examination today.
Glaucoma Therapeutics Market Envisions A Future Valued At US$10.2 Million By 2032-FMI Projection
Glaucoma Therapeutics Market By 2022, the glaucoma therapeutics market growth is projected to be valued US$6.9 million. Glaucoma therapies are predicted to have overall demand develop at a CAGR of 3.7% between 2022 and 2032, reaching around US$ 10.2 million.
By treatment type, medication eye drops segment will hold the maximum market share for the global glaucoma therapeutic market due to its high preference by the physician for medication during the early stages of treatment.
Laser surgery is more preferred than tradition surgery by booth surgeon and the patients owing to the low risk of failure. By glaucoma type, closed glaucoma will dominate the maximum market share attributed to its more prevalence then open glaucoma.
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Glaucoma Therapeutics Market: Drivers and Restraints:
The change in the lifestyle of people has resulted in the rise in the prevalence of glaucoma globally. Increasing prevalence of glaucoma is the primary factor driving the growth of glaucoma therapeutics market around the globe. Glaucoma is more prevalent among the people above the age of 60. Rising geriatric population thought the globe is also responsible for the robust growth of glaucoma therapeutics market over the forecast period. Increasing preference of physician towards the laser surgery for the treatment of glaucoma will propel the growth of glaucoma therapeutics market over the forecast period.
Less awareness among the people about the glaucoma treatment will deter the growth of glaucoma therapeutics market to some extent. Moreover, lack of availability of skilled professional for laser surgery in under developing economies will also hamper the growth of glaucoma therapeutics market. Glaucoma is the eye disease that damage the patient eye nerve optics. The formation extra fluid up in the front part of the eye results the damage to eye nerve optics. Glaucoma is of two type, primary open-angle glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma which is also referred as closed-angle glaucoma or narrow-angle glaucoma.
Open-angle glaucoma is the most common type glaucoma. Primary glaucoma gradually happens when the eye does not drain the fluids.
This result the building of pressure on eye nerve optics. Open glaucoma causes no change in the eye vision and it is painless too.
Closed-angle glaucoma happens very close to the drainage angle which results the blocking of drainage angle of eyesight. This is a very acute type of glaucoma.
This type of glaucoma may affect the vision of the patient and it may cause severe pain to the eye and the headache.
Glaucoma is generally treated with eye drops, pill, traditional surgery, laser surgery and sometimes the combination of these methods.
The aim of glaucoma treatment is to avoid the vision loss of patient wherever if the vision of particular patient is already lost then it is irreversible by glaucoma treatment.
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Regular consumption of medication as prescribed by the physician is very necessary for the proper treatment of glaucoma.
The drugs of glaucoma have very fewer chances of effects which has increased it adoption the global market.
Glaucoma Therapeutics Market: Key Players
Some of player across the value chain of Glaucoma Therapeutics market are Novartis AG, Allergan, Merck & Co., Inc., Akorn, Inc., Bausch & Lomb Incorporated, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer and Santen and others.
The research report presents a comprehensive assessment of the market and contains thoughtful insights, facts, historical data, and statistically supported and industry-validated market data.
It also contains projections using a suitable set of assumptions and methodologies.
The research report provides analysis and information according to market segments such as geographies, application, and industry.
The report covers exhaust analysis on:
Regional analysis includes:
The report is a compilation of first-hand information, qualitative and quantitative assessment by industry analysts, inputs from industry experts and industry participants across the value chain.
The report provides in-depth analysis of parent market trends, macro-economic indicators and governing factors along with market attractiveness as per segments. The report also maps the qualitative impact of various market factors on market segments and geographies.
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Glaucoma Therapeutics Market: Segmentation
The global Glaucoma Therapeutics market is classified on the basis of treatment type, glaucoma type, and geographic region.
Based on treatment type, Glaucoma Therapeutics market is segmented into following:
Based on glaucoma type, Glaucoma Therapeutics market is segmented into following:
Key Segments:
Glaucoma Therapeutics Market by Treatment Type:
Glaucoma Therapeutics Market by Glaucoma Type:
Glaucoma Therapeutics Market by Region:
Author By:
Sabyasachi Ghosh (Associate Vice President at Future Market Insights, Inc.) holds over 12 years of experience in the Healthcare, Medical Devices, and Pharmaceutical industries. His curious and analytical nature helped him shape his career as a researcher.
Identifying key challenges faced by clients and devising robust, hypothesis-based solutions to empower them with strategic decision-making capabilities come naturally to him. His primary expertise lies in areas such as Market Entry and Expansion Strategy, Feasibility Studies, Competitive Intelligence, and Strategic Transformation.
Holding a degree in Microbiology, Sabyasachi has authored numerous publications and has been cited in journals, including The Journal of mHealth, ITN Online, and Spinal Surgery News.
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Don't Turn A Blind Eye To Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of progressive eye diseases and a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. In India, glaucoma is a prevalent eye condition that poses a significant public health challenge. The chronic eye condition affects approximately 1.2 million individuals and is responsible for 5.5% of all cases of blindness. This places it among the primary causes of permanent vision loss in the country. The high burden of glaucoma in India can be attributed to factors such as the large population, genetic predisposition, increasing life expectancy, and a lack of awareness and access to proper eye care services in certain regions.
Glaucoma causes damage to the optic nerve and loss of side vision. It's often linked to high pressure in the eyes. But apart from high pressure, other things also play a role in how glaucoma starts and gets worse.
Age: Glaucoma can happen at any age, from a newborn to a teenager to an adult to a geriatric person. Age is a significant risk factor for glaucoma, particularly for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) which is also known as a 'Silent Thief of Vision'. The incidence of glaucoma rises with advancing age, with individuals over 60 years old at a higher risk. As the population continues to age, the prevalence of glaucoma is expected to increase, emphasising the importance of early detection and management.
Family history and genetics: Glaucoma frequently demonstrates a hereditary aspect, indicating a genetic inclination towards the condition. In a specific instance, a patient suffering from glaucoma while delving into their family's medical history, discovered that one of their parents had been diagnosed with glaucoma in their later years. If someone in your close family (like a parent, brother, sister, or child) has glaucoma, your chances of getting it yourself go up. Diverse gene mutations and variations have been linked to distinct types of glaucoma, providing an understanding of the fundamental biological processes involved.
Elevated Intraocular Pressure (IOP): In an eye checkup, the intraocular pressure inside the eye is measured. Even if it's in the normal range, consistent check-ups are suggested as higher intraocular pressure could eventually result in glaucoma. Elevated IOP is the most well-established risk factor for glaucoma. The aqueous humour, fluid within the eye, normally circulates and maintains healthy eye pressure. When this balance is disrupted, increased IOP can damage the optic nerve over time. However, it is important to note that not all individuals with elevated IOP develop glaucoma, and some may develop glaucoma even with normal IOP levels and it is known as Normotensive Glaucoma. In short axial-length, high hypermetropic and deep-seated eyeballs, Angle Closure Glaucoma can occur along with sudden painful loss of vision. Angle Closure Glaucoma happens when aqueous humour fails to move out of the eye as there is a blockage due to angle closure.
Ethnicity: Certain ethnic groups have a higher prevalence of glaucoma compared to others. For instance, individuals of African, Hispanic, or Asian descent have an increased risk of developing certain types of glaucoma, such as primary open-angle glaucoma or normal-tension glaucoma. The reasons for these ethnic disparities are not fully understood but may involve genetic, anatomical, and environmental factors.
Other medical conditions: Certain health conditions have been connected to a higher chance of getting glaucoma. Things like diabetes, high blood pressure, heart problems, Type-A personality and migraines might make someone more at risk. People with these conditions should make sure to have regular eye check-ups to catch glaucoma early if it shows up.
Medications and eye injuries: Certain medications, such as long-term use of steroids, can raise the risk of glaucoma. Additionally, eye injuries, particularly those involving blunt trauma, may lead to the onset of angle recession glaucoma. Individuals with a history of eye trauma or long-term corticosteroid use should be vigilant. Age, family history, elevated IOP, race and ethnicity, other medical conditions, and eye anatomy all contribute to an individual's risk of developing glaucoma. By understanding these risk factors, we can improve the chances of early diagnosis and the implementation of appropriate treatment strategies to preserve vision and enhance the quality of life for those affected by glaucoma. Everyone above the age of 40 must undergo a regular eye checkup once a year.
Medical and surgical management: At present, intraocular pressure is the only treatable factor in glaucoma. First, medications are instilled to control the intraocular pressure and if it is still not controlled then various surgical procedures are available to make artificial pathways for the enhanced flow of aqueous humour from the eye.
(The author is head and additional professor at AIIMS, Bibinagar, Hyderabad.)
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