Why Does My Eye Hurt?

We Need A Staph Vaccine: Here's Why We Don't Have One

The researchers found that the vaccines were ineffective in mice that had been given human anti-SA antibodies, as well as mice that had been previously exposed to SA. However, in mice that had never been exposed to either SA or human antibodies, the vaccines worked. Unlike previous mouse studies of SA vaccines, the researchers' results were consistent with those of failed clinical trials, suggesting that their experimental model could help predict the clinical success of SA vaccines while they are still being tested in preclinical mouse studies.

Further, they found that specific antibodies were to blame for the effect they observed. The antibodies that attack the cell walls of SA bacteria, which are the basis for most current SA vaccines, didn't protect the mice against SA. By contrast, antibodies that target the toxins produced by SA were able to successfully neutralize them.

This graphical abstract shows the experimental approach used by the researchers to study immune responses to SA vaccination. Vaccines targeting subdominant antigens, such as toxins produced by the bacteria, conferred more protection than vaccines targeting dominant antigens. Credit: UC San Diego Health Sciences

"One pathogen can have many different antigens that the immune system responds to, but there is a hierarchy as far as which antigen is dominant," said co-lead author Chih Ming Tsai, PhD, a project scientist in the Liu Lab.  "Most vaccines are based on the dominant antigen to trigger the strongest possible immune response. But our findings suggest that for SA, the rules are different, and it is more beneficial to target so-called subdominant antigens, which triggered a weak immune response in the first place."

In addition to exploring the possibility of targeting new antigens with future SA vaccines, the researchers are also interested in exploring the deeper question at play here: why is the natural human immune response to this bacterium so ineffective to begin with?

"Somehow, SA is able to trick our immune system, and figuring out how will help us improve existing SA vaccines and develop new ones," said Liu. "More broadly, these findings suggest a whole new way of reevaluating failed vaccines, which could have implications well beyond this one bacterium."

Co-authors of the study include: Desmond Trieu, Cesia Gonzalez, Irshad A. Hajam, Xin Du and Brian Lin at UC San Diego.

This study was funded, in part, by the National Institute of Health (grants R01AI127406, R01AI144694 and R01AI181321).

Disclosures: George Y. Liu, Chih-Ming Tsai and Irshad A. Hajam have received a research grant from Pfizer to study S. Aureus vaccines.

Does Donald Trump Have Secondary Syphilis? Red Splotches On His Hand Trigger Speculation, Jokes

Your browser is not supportedusatoday.Com

usatoday.Com wants to ensure the best experience for all of our readers, so we built our site to take advantage of the latest technology, making it faster and easier to use.

Unfortunately, your browser is not supported. Please download one of these browsers for the best experience on usatoday.Com

Cases Almost Double As CDC Expands Warning Of Salmonella Infections Linked To Recalled Charcuterie Meats

Cases almost double as CDC expands warning of salmonella infections linked to recalled charcuterie meats

Updated: 2:49 AM PST Jan 19, 2024

As cases of salmonella infections linked to recalled charcuterie meats double, the U.S. Centers of Disease Control and Prevention expanded its warning in a new food safety alert on Thursday.There are now a total of 47 reported illnesses, including 10 hospitalizations, in 22 states: Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington and Wisconsin.That's almost double the cases from the last update on Jan. 5 where 24 illnesses and five hospitalizations had been reported in 14 states.The CDC cautions that the true number of illnesses is most likely higher and could also be in present in other states.The warning is now also being expanded beyond one specific lot number of Busseto brand Charcuterie Sampler.The CDC now says do not eat, serve or sell any lot of the following (both of which are sold in twin-packs):• Busseto brand Charcuterie Sample sold at Sam's Club• Fratelli Beretta brand Antipasto Gran Beretta sold at CostcoWhile the investigation is ongoing, people should throw away any of these products and use hot, soapy water or a dishwasher to clean surfaces and containers might have touched the recalled product, the CDC says.It's still being determine whether any additional product may be contaminated.Fratelli Beretta recalled more than 11,000 pounds of the charcuterie meat products earlier this month, but only one specific lot code.People should call a health care provider if they experience diarrhea and a fever of 102 degrees Fahrenheit or higher, three or more days of diarrhea, bloody diarrhea, vomiting that prevents you from keeping liquids down, or signs of dehydration: not urinating much, dry mouth and throat or feeling dizzy when standing up.Salmonella symptoms typically start six hours to six days after a person swallows the bacteria, and most people recovery without treatment in four to seven days. But young children, older adults and people with compromised immune systems can become severely ill.

As cases of salmonella infections linked to recalled charcuterie meats double, the U.S. Centers of Disease Control and Prevention expanded its warning in a new food safety alert on Thursday.

There are now a total of 47 reported illnesses, including 10 hospitalizations, in 22 states: Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington and Wisconsin.

That's almost double the cases from the last update on Jan. 5 where 24 illnesses and five hospitalizations had been reported in 14 states.

The CDC cautions that the true number of illnesses is most likely higher and could also be in present in other states.

The warning is now also being expanded beyond one specific lot number of Busseto brand Charcuterie Sampler.

The CDC now says do not eat, serve or sell any lot of the following (both of which are sold in twin-packs):

• Busseto brand Charcuterie Sample sold at Sam's Club• Fratelli Beretta brand Antipasto Gran Beretta sold at Costco

While the investigation is ongoing, people should throw away any of these products and use hot, soapy water or a dishwasher to clean surfaces and containers might have touched the recalled product, the CDC says.

It's still being determine whether any additional product may be contaminated.

Fratelli Beretta recalled more than 11,000 pounds of the charcuterie meat products earlier this month, but only one specific lot code.

People should call a health care provider if they experience diarrhea and a fever of 102 degrees Fahrenheit or higher, three or more days of diarrhea, bloody diarrhea, vomiting that prevents you from keeping liquids down, or signs of dehydration: not urinating much, dry mouth and throat or feeling dizzy when standing up.

Salmonella symptoms typically start six hours to six days after a person swallows the bacteria, and most people recovery without treatment in four to seven days. But young children, older adults and people with compromised immune systems can become severely ill.

---